Funciones Yoicas y participación ocupacional en adolescentes en riesgo de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas.

Abstract

Background: The aim is to identify those ego functions that influence the occupational participation of adolescents at risk of consumption of psychoactive substances, showing whether there is a restriction on the choice of an occupation or the establishment of occupational goals. Methodology: A quantitative study of descriptive and correlational type was carried out, using as collection method the Scale of Egoic Functions in Occupational Therapy and the Initial Occupational Profile of the human occupation model (MOHOST). Results: It was applied to 76 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17, who are at risk of consumption of psychoactive substances, showing that there is a relationship between the variables that makes it difficult to establish occupational goals. Discussion: it is established that the ages with greater prevalence are 13 to 15 years with 85.4%, where the feminine gender predominates with 53.9%; there is evidence of limitation in basic and defensive ego functions, motivation by occupation and environment. Conclusions: there is evidence that schoolchildren are more exposed to the social factor since young people say they know a friend, neighbor or family member who consumes any type of psychoactive substance; there is also evidence that, since there is no motivation for the execution of academic activities, schoolchildren are unable to identify their abilities, capacities, skills and interests, which makes it difficult to establish future goals; this difficulty is presented by the lack of motivation from the family context towards the appreciation of skills that may facilitate occupational choice.