Terapia acuática y habilidades motoras en niños con Parálisis Cerebral: monografía de compilación.

Abstract

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is defined as a group of developmental disorders of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, which are attributed to a non-progressive aggression on a developing brain, in the fetal period or in the infants. early years (Fennell & Shepard, 2017). CP is not a single disease entity and encompasses disturbances in various motor functions, including but not limited to body movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, muscle tone, reflexes, fine motor skills, gross motor skills, oral motor function, posture and balance. (Swords, 2018). Physiotherapy programs play a fundamental role in the management and performance of motor activities in children with CP (Diaz et al., 2019), achieving sufficient intensity, safety and control of exercises for children with poor motor control, balance problems , joint pathology, joint instability and severe contractures (Kelly & Darrah, 2016); being so that aquatic therapy, in recent years has gained popularity within physiotherapeutic interventions where therapeutic effects such as analgesia, strengthening of weak muscles, increased elasticity at the level of periarticular tissues are highlighted, reducing the load or joint tension and increasing the amplitude of movements (Becker, 2020). According to the above, it is necessary to answer the following question: what is the effectiveness of aquatic therapy compared to other treatment measures used in physiotherapy in the development of motor skills in children with cerebral palsy? therefore, the objective of this monograph is to describe the effectiveness of aquatic therapy in comparison with other treatment measures used in physiotherapy in the development of motor skills in children with CP. As a methodology, a compilation monograph was carried out in the second semester of the year 2022, using systematic reviews and RCTs as object of study, collected in the PEDro and Pubmed databases. For its search keywords and/or terms were used controlled.