Degeneración mixomatosa de la válvula mitral complicada con taponamiento cardíaco en canino.

Abstract

Myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve is a very common pathology in small breed canines, of advanced age, or in breeds such as Shih Tzu, poodle, Schnauzer, Dachshund. This pathology is characterized by regurgitation of blood into the atria and a decrease in cardiac output, which will lead to congestive heart failure and eccentric hypertrophy, as well as cardiac tamponade. A case of an 8-year-old female canine is described, who arrives at the consultation with respiratory distress, loss of appetite and lethargy. On physical examination, the patient presented with hyperthermia, increased filling time, tachypnea, orthopneic position, pale mucous membranes, and a VI/VI heart murmur. The patient presents risk to her life due to respiratory distress, an ultrasound atrium tfas is performed, oxygen therapy is established, blood samples are taken for hematology and blood biochemistry, as well as pericardiocentesis, in which a transparent liquid was extracted. Next, a therapeutic plan is established, a chest X-ray is performed, showing signs of pulmonary edema and an increase in the Buchanan index, the patient stabilizes and after a few hours, it is decided to send home with oral medication, due to the nervous behavior of the canine. before the change of environment. Then a therapeutic plan is established, a chest X-ray is performed, showing signs of pulmonary edema and an increase in the Buchanan index, the patient is stabilized and after a few hours, it is decided to send home with oral medication, due to the nervous behavior that the canine presents. Finally, the case concluded successfully, since the patient completed the treatment and is in optimal condition, which shows that despite the fact that the myxomatous degeneration continues to progress, the hemodynamic complications were treated on time and in the correct way.