Formulación de un plan de manejo para la mejora de las buenas prácticas agrícolas y el uso sostenible de los suelos en fincas productoras de fresa de la vereda Monteadentro, municipio Pamplona, Norte de Santander.

Abstract

Strawberry cultivation occupies an important place in the agricultural economy of the municipality of Pamplona, in the village of Monteadentro; one of the limitations faced by strawberry producers is the low guarantee to consumers of providing a sale product that does not cause problems. For this reason, this research was based on evaluating the level of implementation of good agricultural practices and sustainable soil management in strawberry producing farms in the village of Monteadentro, Pamplona municipality, Norte the Santander. Where nine farms cultivated with strawberries were selected from the Association of Rural Women (ASMUR) to which checklist of the Colombian Agricultural Institute was applied, resolution 082394 of December 29, 2020, in Good Agricultural Practices (BPA). Additionally, a diagnosis of sustainable soil management was carried out through the evaluation of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics in horizons A and B in the nine farms, using for this purpose the Guide of good practices for the management and sustainable use of soils in the rural areas. An assessment of the quality of the soils was carried out; from 0 to 9; being 0-3 poor, 4-6 regular and 7 to 9 good. The analysis of compliance with the checklist in Good Agricultural Practices, the farms El Guásimo, El Nogal, La Aguaita and El Pedregal presented greater compliance with BPA while the farms La Vega, La Ramada, La Esperanza, Osa 1 and Osa 2 presented less progress in this regard. The greatest problems were observed in the infrastructure of the farms, the protection and training of the personnel and the traceability od the activities and processes that are carried out. All the properties presented low biological activity as well as pH and organic matter in the soil samples analyzed in the laboratory, but they presented good characteristics in terms of odor, compaction, structural stability, deep infiltration, and state of the plants, in the samples taken from horizons A and B of the 18 properties. At a global level, no farm can request a certification visit in Good Agricultural Practices by the Colombian Agriculture Institute. The evaluation of soil biological activity and physical and chemical characteristics of the samples for horizons A and B was low.