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dc.contributor.authorBoneth Pimienta, Virgilio José.-
dc.date.accessioned2026-11-04T01:40:59Z-
dc.date.available2024-
dc.date.available2026-11-04T01:40:59Z-
dc.date.issued2024-
dc.identifier.citationBoneth Pimienta, V. J. (2024). Caracterización fenotípica de especies fitopatógenas del género Fusarium y microorganismos autóctonos con actividad antagónica aislados a partir de sectores arroceros en el Departamento Norte De Santander. [Trabajo de Grado Pregrado, Universidad de Pamplona]. Repositorio Hulago Universidad de Pamplona. https://repositoriodspace.unipamplona.edu.co/jspui/handle/20.500.12744/12175es_CO
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositoriodspace.unipamplona.edu.co/jspui/handle/20.500.12744/12175-
dc.descriptionEl hongo Fusarium es uno de los principales géneros fitopatógenos más relevantes que afecta a los cultivos de arroz, provocando pérdidas económicas considerables. La implementación de prácticas de control biológico, que son amigables con el medio ambiente, es esencial para asegurar la productividad agrícola y prevenir riesgos asociados a la contaminación por micotoxinas. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue ccaracterizar fenotípicamente especies fitopatógenas del género Fusarium spp. y microorganismos autóctonos con actividad antagónica aislados a partir de sectores arroceros en el departamento Norte de Santander. Se buscó evaluar la fitopatogenicidad de los aislados de Fusarium spp. y la capacidad de los antagonistas para inhibir al mismo mediante mecanismos como competencia por nutrientes, micoparasitismo y la antibiosis. Se aislaron siete cepas fitopatógenas de Fusarium spp. identificadas presuntivamente como: F. solani (FA001), F. oxysporum (FA002), F. dimerum (FA003), F. decemcellulare (FA004), F. penzigii (FA005), F. sambucinum (FA006) y F. proliferatum (FA007). Del suelo rizosférico, se aislaron cinco cepas bacterianas identificadas como: Fictibacillus cf. gelatini (BA001), Bacillus cf. subtilis (BA002, BA005), B cf. mojavensis (BA003) y B. cf. circulans (BA004), así como tres cepas fúngicas, Trichoderma cf. harzianum (HA001), T. cf. citrinoviride (HA002) y T. cf. atroviride (HA003), con actividad antagónica sobre los fitopatógenos. Se realizaron ensayos in vitro para evaluar la capacidad de los microorganismos aislados para inhibir el crecimiento radial y la acción fitopatógena de Fusarium spp. Los porcentajes de inhibición del crecimiento radial (PICR) variaron entre 41,28 % y 62,29 % para los aislados bacterianos, y entre 43,44 % y 70,72 % para los fúngicos. Además, los aislados fúngicos mostraron una mayor frecuencia en el nivel 2 de antagonismo, donde la mayoría inhibió el crecimiento patogénico en dos tercios de la caja de cultivo. El estudio concluye que la efectividad del control biológico varió entre los diferentes microorganismos antagonistas contra Fusarium spp. En ese sentido, Trichoderma cf. atroviride se destacó como el más efectivo debido a su alto grado de micoparasitismo, mientras que Fictibacillus cf. gelatini y Bacillus cf. mojavensis mostraron una inhibición consistente sobre todas las cepas evaluadas, posicionándose como agentes prometedores para el biocontrol en cultivos de arroz. Este enfoque hacia el control biológico no solo busca reducir las pérdidas económicas asociadas a Fusarium spp., sino también promover prácticas agrícolas más sostenibles y respetuosas con el medio ambiente.es_CO
dc.description.abstractThe fungus Fusarium is one of the most relevant phytopathogenic genera affecting rice crops, causing considerable economic losses. The implementation of environmentally friendly biological control practices is essential to ensure agricultural productivity and prevent risks associated with mycotoxin contamination. The main objective of this study was to phenotypically characterize phytopathogenic species of the genus Fusarium spp. and native microorganisms with antagonistic activity isolated from rice-growing sectors in the Norte de Santander department. The study aimed to evaluate the phytopathogenicity of the Fusarium spp. isolates and the ability of the antagonists to inhibit them through mechanisms such as nutrient competition, mycoparasitism, and antibiosis. Seven phytopathogenic strains of Fusarium spp. were isolated and presumptively identified as F. solani (FA001), F. oxysporum (FA002), F. dimerum (FA003), F. decemcellulare (FA004), F. penzigii (FA005), F. sambucinum (FA006), and F. proliferatum (FA007). From rhizospheric soil, five bacterial strains were isolated and identified as Fictibacillus cf. gelatini (BA001), Bacillus cf. subtilis (BA002, BA005), B. cf. mojavensis (BA003), and B. cf. circulans (BA004), as well as three fungal strains, Trichoderma cf. harzianum (HA001), T. cf. citrinoviride (HA002), and T. cf. atroviride (HA003), showing antagonistic activity against the phytopathogens. In vitro assays were conducted to evaluate the ability of the isolated microorganisms to inhibit the radial growth and pathogenic action of Fusarium spp. The percentages of radial growth inhibition (PRGI) varied between 41.28% and 62.29% for bacterial isolates, and between 43.44% and 70.72% for fungal isolates. Furthermore, the fungal isolates showed a higher frequency at level 2 of antagonism, where most of them managed to inhibit pathogenic growth in two-thirds of the Petri dish. The study concluded that the effectiveness of biological control varied among the different antagonistic microorganisms against Fusarium spp. In this regard, Trichoderma cf. atroviride stood out as the most effective due to its high level of mycoparasitism, while Fictibacillus cf. gelatini and Bacillus cf. mojavensis exhibited consistent inhibition against all evaluated strains, positioning them as promising agents for biocontrol in rice crops. This approach to biological control not only aims to reduce the economic losses associated with Fusarium spp. but also to promote more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices.es_CO
dc.format.extent179es_CO
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfes_CO
dc.language.isoeses_CO
dc.publisherUniversidad de Pamplona - Facultad de Ciencias Básicas.es_CO
dc.subjectAntagonismo.es_CO
dc.subjectAntibiosis.es_CO
dc.subjectArroz.es_CO
dc.subjectBacillus spp.es_CO
dc.subjectControl biológico.es_CO
dc.subjectFusarium spp.es_CO
dc.subjectMicoparasitismo.es_CO
dc.subjectTrichoderma spp.es_CO
dc.titleCaracterización fenotípica de especies fitopatógenas del género Fusarium y microorganismos autóctonos con actividad antagónica aislados a partir de sectores arroceros en el Departamento Norte De Santander.es_CO
dc.typehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fes_CO
dc.date.accepted2024-
dc.description.editionUniversidad de Pamplona - Facultad de Ciencias Básicas.es_CO
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