Protocolos de prevención y evaluación fitosanitaria en cámara húmeda de Matthiola incana (L.) W.T. Aiton y Gypsophila paniculata L. (variedades Cosmic y Wild Pearl).

Abstract

This work was carried out at the company MG Consultores S.A.S., located in the municipality of Chía, Cundinamarca, with the purpose of implementing measures aimed at preventing diseases during the propagation stage of Matthiola incana (L.) W.T. Aiton and Gypsophila paniculata L., species of high commercial value for Colombian floriculture and susceptible to fungal disorders such as downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica), gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr.), and root rot associated with Fusarium spp. The work included the application of biosecurity measures, procedures for cleaning and disinfecting tools, trays, and surfaces, as well as the use of moist chambers for early pathogen detection. Additionally, practices aimed at managing the propagation environment were implemented, including irrigation control, monitoring of electrical conductivity, and ventilation regulation to maintain optimal development conditions. Weekly records and comparative analyses were carried out, which made it possible to identify disease incidence and define timely preventive actions. In conclusion, the set of interventions applied significantly improved the health of the plant material, resulting in vigorous and homogeneous seedlings free of signs of infection, thus contributing to enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of the floriculture production system in the Sabana de Bogotá.