Epiteliogénesis Imperfecta En Un Lechón En La Etapa De Lactancia: Reporte De Caso.

Abstract

The hereditary disorder that affects the continuity of the skin, specifically the epidermis in piglets, is known as Epitheliogenesis Imperfecta (EI). The etiology of this by partial and incomplete skin formation, resulting from deficient ectodermal and mesodermal development during embryogenesis. It is a congenital disorder with autosomal recessive, X-linked inheritance. It is characterized by affecting individuals rather than entire litters, without generating significant economic losses in pig production. Since this disorder is of genetic origin, the clinical history of the affected sow, her dam, and the breeding male currently used on the farm were analyzed in order to establish a correlation with the data available in the scientific literature.EI was diagnosed at the San Pablo Agricultural Station in one of the piglets during farrowing of sow identified as 66-5, a one-year-old pig in her second gestation. The piglet presented a lesion on the laterocaudal region of the hind limb with a raw meat-like appearance and a bright red color. Upon observation, and based on similar presentations in the past, the condition was recognized as a case of IE. However, the case was confirmed by the veterinarian attending the farm. Regarding the clinical findings, which are generally mild but can worsen, the affected piglet did not present severe signs. Only lethargy, intense pain in the injured area, and ataxia were observed. The piglet weighed 800 g at birth and had a body condition score of 2/5. The therapeutic intervention consisted of local treatment of the lesion, using 10% iodine solution® as an antiseptic, Curagan N-L® as a fly repellent, and Pezosan-N® as a wound healer. The treatment was applied twice daily for approximately 12 days, with the aim of preventing secondary infections, preventing the lesion from worsening, and reducing insect attraction. Finally, the importance of implementing responsible reproductive management on the farm is highlighted, considering aspects such as the proper use of artificial insemination, inbreeding control, and monitoring the lifespan of the breeding male; these factors are essential to preventing the development of genetic disorders such as Epitheliogenesis Imperfecta.