Hemimandibulectomía Parcial Izquierda En Canino Beagle De 10 Años Por Melanoma Oral Maligno: Reporte De Caso.

Abstract

This final report presents the surgical treatment of a 10-year-old male Beagle named Tobías, who presented with an ulcerated, darkly pigmented mass located in the middle third of the left mandibular branch. Clinical signs included persistent oral bleeding, halitosis, and pain, with a history of hemorrhage dating back to January 2025. Given the strong clinical suspicion of a malignant oral neoplasm, complementary diagnostic tests were conducted, including cytology, hematology, serum biochemistry, thoracic and mandibular radiographs, abdominal ultrasound, and histopathological evaluation. The definitive diagnosis was a high-grade oral malignant melanoma, epithelioid type, with osseous and lymphovascular invasion, and metastasis to the regional lymph node. A partial left hemimandibulectomy was performed using an oscillating saw technique, preserving the temporomandibular joint and achieving clear surgical margins. The left tonsils were also excised due to suspected metastatic involvement. The postoperative evolution was favorable, with good patient adaptation and adequate healing. A complementary therapeutic plan was established using tyrosine kinase inhibitors, highlighting the importance of a multimodal approach to treating canine oral melanoma. This case underscores the relevance of early diagnosis, precise surgical planning, and rigorous clinical follow-up in veterinary oncology patients.