Práctica empresarial y apoyo técnico en el manejo nutricional y productivo de vacas Nelore en pastoreo suplementadas en el pre-parto y pos-parto en la Unidade de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Gado de Corte de la Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UEPE-GC).

Abstract

An adequate nutritional contribution allows for better productive performance in animals, which has a positive impact on beef cattle exploitation systems. In this way, finding strategies that complement nutrition is of utmost importance. The objective of this business internship was to provide technical support in the nutritional, productive and metabolic evaluation of grazing Nelore cows supplemented during prepartum in the UEPE-GC of the UFV. We worked with 42 Nelore breed cows, mostly pregnant pluriparous, 3 treatments were used; low-consumption protein: (200 g/cow/day), protein: (1 kg/cow/day; 40% protein in DM) and control: (100 g/cow/day). Composed of 3 batches per treatment and supplemented 60 days after calving, then salt was provided ad libitum 70 days postpartum. The accompaniment was carried out directly with postgraduates where blood, feces, forage, urine, milk were collected, as well as extraction of liver and muscle tissue, in turn, data on weighing, ECC, and ingestive behavior were collected. The average weight of the calves in the 3 treatments was similar. Regarding the weight at birth, the control group presented the greatest weight loss, 42 days after birth, the protein group obtained the lowest negative VMD in relation to the period of the peripartum and the highest negative VMD occurred in the control treatment. Finally, the ECC of treatments 1 and 2 had little variation at delivery compared to the control treatment, which did show a notable decrease. Protein supplementation 60 days after calving improves the productive performance of the animals, avoiding weight loss and ECC, in the same way, the reduction of estrus, and an increase in the conception rate, which indicates that it is a viable strategy to obtain better profitability and greater productivity in livestock herds.