Exéresis de cabeza y cuello femoral en un felino; reporte de caso.

Abstract

Coxofemoral dislocation is a very common hip injury in veterinary clinics, as is dorsal coxofemoral dislocation, in which the femoral head moves up and backwards from the acetabulum. Coxofemoral dislocation consists of the loss of the natural position of the acetabulum and the femoral head (CF) where the head of the femur comes out of the acetabular cavity. It was presented on September 11, 2023 at the Veterinary Clinic of the University of Pamplona, a feline 1 year and 9 months old, mixed breed, black, female. The reason for consultation: control of epidural trauma. During the clinical examination, the following physiological constants were obtained: HR: 120 bpm, RR: 36 rpm, mucous membranes: pink, TLLC: 2 sec, TR: 38.7 ºC, Pulse: strong, lymph nodes: no alterations, alert attitude and temperament: docile. The nervous system (abnormal) was observed, showing paresis of the hind limbs, a slight intention tremor in the pelvic limbs, a flexor and perianal reflex and sensitivity of both limbs, and sometimes it remained in station. Musculoskeletal system (abnormal) in which it presents valgus deformation at the level of the tarsi when in station, presence of pain on palpation in the dorsal part of the hip, flexion and extension of the limbs. It presents flexor and perianal reflex and sensitivity of both limbs, sometimes it remains in station. Musculoskeletal system (abnormal) in which it presents valgus deformation at the level of the tarsi when in station, presence of pain on palpation in the dorsal part of the hip, flexion and extension of the limbs. Complementary examinations were performed, such as ventro-dorsal hip radiology, which showed cranio-dorsal coxofemoral dislocation of the right hind limb and osteolysis, deformation of the femoral head and neck with loss of the spherical architecture of the articular cartilage of the left femoral head, findings compatible with avascular necrosis. and they are also evident with loss of architecture where in their normal state there is a concavity where the femoral head rests, in this case both acetabulums are also evident in the ventrodorsal hip x-ray the acetabules are completely flattened with loss of their concavity. Blood count in which all the ranges came out in normal ranges except for eosinophilia and blood chemistry ALT, AST and Creatinine in normal ranges. The treatment used in this case was surgical where excision of the bilateral femoral head and neck was performed to correct the dislocation with the aim that the patient could have a pain-free life and be able to support his hind limbs, without them causing pain when moving. In the post-surgical treatment, drugs that have analgesia, gastric protector and antibiotic effects were administered, taking into account the patient's favorable evolution.