Acompañamiento técnico a la oficina de unidad de asistencia técnica agropecuaria del, Municipio de Villa del Rosario.

Abstract

This practice aimed to perform a poultry characterization of the socioeconomic aspects of the Juan Frío village, an area with a high presence of poultry production systems, including laying hens, broiler chickens, and backyard poultry. The City Hall, guild organizations, and the Academy joined forces to carry out a baseline characterization of the poultry systems, with the purpose of collecting initial or preliminary information required for decision-making, and formulating productive and commercial strategies for both the public and private sectors. The work focused on georeferencing using the NoteCam global positioning system in the field and the ArcGIS geographic information program for editing. The characterization was conducted using an information collection instrument where various technical, environmental, organizational, and general aspects of each farm were inquired about, to later tabulate and analyze this collected information, using descriptive statistics for each of the evaluated aspects. Characterization of 23 farms was conducted, yielding a total of 96,316 birds, of which 87% of the productions are located on less than 1 hectare of land. It was identified that poultry farming in this area is a tradition with years of experience in poultry systems, with over 69% of the characterized farms having more than 5 years of experience in poultry production across different systems. The backyard system dominates the production of these systems, with the predominance in the number of animals ranging from 100 to 500 animals per farm. The most important nutritional system corresponds to balanced feed with 69.5%. However, a large sample of farms feeds kitchen scraps, especially in a mixed feeding system. Deep litter is the most popular in the rearing system, with rice husk being the most used substrate. Only 65% of the characterized farms have a vaccination plan. It is concluded that this situation represents a high risk for commercial production systems adjacent to this backyard poultry population, due to sanitary management issues. Additionally, these systems demand little land, are small producers, mostly in backyard systems for self-consumption or retail sale. However, there are 4 commercial-scale farms with high bird populations that could be affected if sanitary aspects are not managed properly. It is recommended to implement vaccination plans in backyard systems, improve the sanitary conditions of farms, conduct a complete characterization of all aspects to obtain a better information overview and advance in technical planning and decision-making.