Caracterización, diagnóstico y tratamiento sistemático y generalizado de la triada suelo –planta –animal, y su impacto productivo en una ganadería bovina del trópico bajo nortesantandereano.

Abstract

The present research work during the business practice internship was carried outat the Las Acacias breeding farm located in the Oripaya village via Puerto Santander, kilometer 17 in the department of Norte de Santander. This research was mainly based on the soil-plant-animal relationship and mineral determination in Girolando heifers of high genetics, this being a breed with excellent results in milk production and good rusticity adapting to any climate. To achieve this, there were multiple factors that affected the nutritional stability of these animals, one of which was mainly the area where they remained for most of the last third of gestation, for this, through qualitative research and through Inclusion criteria were selected in group 1, 10 heifers in advanced gestation, this criterion was specifically the low body condition 2/5 for the gestational time in which they were found, newborns who presented a body condition 2/5 were also prioritized. 5 that had previously been born from other deliveries inappropriate for the current study, began with a collection of 10 samples for hemoleukograms and 10 samples for ionograms. On the other hand, when evidencing the pasture in suboptimal conditions where they remained this period of time, 1 sample was taken for chemical analysis of soil and 1 sample for complete chemical analysis of green forage, this to know the values of the organic components and thus be able to determine the availability of nutrients, specifically of macrominerals and microminerals consumed through the Mombaza grass available in this paddock, this being a contribution of great importance for the gestational stage in cattle, this will be modified with the advice of the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation (Agrosavia) who provided the best information for taking and sending samples to the main laboratoryin the department of Cundinamarca. To achieve a solution to this problem, group 2 of post-treatment Girolando heifers was selected, which at the time the study was carried out had 8 months of gestation, therefore, it will be perfected to establish a treatment prior to the calving date, achieving with this, obtain a response to the established protocol and thus be able to demonstrate the results, taking as a priority the weight gain obtained, the body condition of the pups at birth, productive and reproductive indices, performing the check again through a hemoleukogram and ionogram, as well It was decided to recover the paddock, beginning with the eradication of invasive weeds through fumigation, then a rest time is given to then fertilize and with this, to be able to demonstrate if the grass growth is as expected and determine if it is a paddock. suitable for the destination of animals at any productive stage.