Evaluación del efecto de la lidocaína intraperitoneal, sobre el dolor postquirúrgico en caninos sometidos a ovariohisterectomía (OVH).

Abstract

Pain is defined as a sensory emotional and unpleasant experience, which is related to tissue damage, depends on the activation of a discrete set of receptors, accompanied by specific neural pathways. Surgical pain effects are presented by the activation of a series of neuroendocrine and humoral events in response to tissue damage. Objective: To assess the effect of intraperitoneal lidocaine administration on postoperative pain in canines undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Method: Cross-sectional experimental study. We used 20 female dogs submitted to prophylactic OVH that were randomly distributed in two treatments with 10 individuals; Control treatment (0.9% physiological saline); Treatment I (Lidocaine 2 mg/kg). All groups underwent an anesthetic strategy, preanesthesia (Acepromazine: 0.1mg/kg, induction: Ketamine 5 mg/kg and maintenance: Propofol 4 mg/kg and isoflurane). Data collection began when the patient was extubated, for the measurement of the pain scale the modified Glasgow scale was used. The assessment was performed according to a score of 24 points, providing individual scores for each level of pain, in five levels 0 to 6 (no pain); 7 to 11 (low-level pain); 12 to 16 (medium intensity pain level); 17 to 20 (high-level pain) and 21 to 24 (maximum pain level). Data were analyzed in SPSS version 29.0 for Windows. The variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test (χ2) and the corresponding association coefficients (gamma, d of Somers and Tau-b and Tau-c of Kendall). Results: From the treatment group it was evidenced that 100% of the individuals evaluated presented a score of "no pain" being the highest value obtained in the three measurements of 3 points, in the control group 53% presented score of "no pain", 43.33% "low pain level" and 3.33% "pain of medium intensity". The test (χ2) showed that there is a highly significant association (χ2= 22.524, p≤ 0.001) between treatment with intraperitoneal lidocaine and the degree of postoperative pain. The values of the association coefficients were gamma = -1.0 p≤ 0.001; d of Somers = -0.696 p≤ 0.001; Tau-b = - 0.524 p≤ 0.001 and Kendall's Tau-c = - 0.380 p≤ 0.001. In conclusion, the use of intraperitoneal local anesthetic such as lidocaine in canines undergoing ovarian hysterectomy (OVH) significantly reduced postoperative pain, thus giving a favorable evolution of the patient.