Aplicación de los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) en el análisis hidrológico.

Abstract

This monograph explores the use of geographic information systems (GIS) in hydrology, emphasizing their importance for the sustainable management of water resources and the reduction of natural risks. When reviewing different studies carried out in different countries and regions, it is clear how, through GIS and applying different remote sensing tools and mathematical models, they have made a notable change in the analysis of variables such as flow, water balance, precipitation, determination of flow rates, maps and maximum flow. Thanks to these tools, they allow us to integrate and perform spatial and temporal data analysis, carry out different detailed hydrological models and create thematic maps to identify the areas most vulnerable to various events such as floods, droughts and soil erosion. The ability of GIS to work with countless data in non-instrumented basins and adapt to different simulations and then, after an exhaustive analysis, turn it into an indispensable solution when addressing the problems presented by climate change, improving spatial and planning. Likewise, improve environmental sustainability.