Actualización del Estatus Fitosanitario de tres plagas priorizadas del Cultivo de Arveja (Pisum sativum L.) en el Municipio de Pamplona, Norte de Santander.

Abstract

The objective of this work is to determine the phytosanitary status of the three priority pests of peach cultivation. (Pisum sativum L.) Pamplona is a municipality in the state of North Santander, Colombia. The study area was fields producing strawberries affected by diseases caused by the fungi Fusarium sp., Ascochyta pisi and Micosphaerella pisii and by the insect plague barrener of the stem Delia sp. Field inspections were conducted on 7 tracks assessing the incidence and severity of diseases after taking a sample of 30 plants per batch; also roots samples were taken for laboratory analysis. In addition, a survey of 29 producers was carried out to characterize the production system. Marchitez caused by Fusarium sp. was identified as the most important disease as it had the highest incidence rates ranging from 18% to 62% depending on the pathway, which were obtained from the diagnosis in the presence of Fusarium sp. It was confirmed by laboratory analyses that led to high incidences also being identified in the Ascochyta pisi spot (up to 82%) and in the Micosphaerella pisii spot (Up to 73%). Rabo de Gallo turned out to be the most widely used variety of strawberry. Most producers use fungicides, but not always preventively or targeting specific problems. Before the technical talks, it was shown that not much was known about Marchitez by Fusarium sp. It has been found that Fusarium sp. is the most important enemy of peach growing in the region and it is recommended to improve training for proper integrated management, with a focus on preventive measures and cultural practices.