Perspectivas filosóficas de la inteligencia artificial (IA).

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has opened a range of philosophical questions that affect our understanding of consciousness, ethics, and power. While designed to replicate human cognition, the question arises whether AI can experience genuine consciousness or if it merely simulates mental processes superficially. This dilemma calls into question not only phenomenology, as it seeks to unravel the nature of consciousness, but also ethics, by exploring whether machines can assume moral responsibilities and how their decisions impact social justice.The impact of AI also extends to global power structures, transforming relationships of sovereignty and autonomy in an increasingly interconnected world. This study approaches AI from various key philosophical branches. Husserl's phenomenology is used to explore AI's ability to replicate consciousness; Heidegger's ontology to understand AI's relationship with being; and Gadamer's hermeneutics to assess its capacity for understanding and dialogue. In the ethical realm, the theories of Aristotle, Kant, and Floridi are reviewed regarding the morality of machines, applying philosophical innovation as alternative solutions. Finally, the risks of uncontrolled AI and its geopolitical implications are analyzed, with perspectives from Bostrom and Harari.AI challenges us to reconsider the foundations of our humanity, forcing us to redefine consciousness, ethics, and power in an increasingly technology-driven world.