Efecto comparativo de una local nativa y otra comercial de trichoderma spp. Para el control de fusarium spp. Presente en un cultivo de lechuga (lactuca sativa l.) Pamplona – Norte de Santander.

Abstract

Trichoderma spp., Is an antagonist fungus widely used in agriculture, due to its versatility in the use of substrates in artisanal production, use in numerous crops, which makes it a little used biological control measure in the region, with benefits in Phytosanitary and productivity of the studied crops. In the estates of the Normal Superior of Pamplona, a study of this antagonist was carried out in the cultivation of lettuce in the variety of Capitata L., finding a particular disease known as Fusarium spp., Which have a possible infection yard on the crops of lettuce. For this reason, this study focused on obtaining a native strain of Trichoderma spp. with potential biocontroller for its use in a lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L ..), for this a comparative analysis was made with a commercial strain of Trichoderma spp .. The in vitro tests were carried out in dual cultures, comparing the antagonistic capacity of four native strains (TN1, TN2, TN3, TN4) isolated from the soil in a lettuce crop from the Colegio Normal Superior Pamplona), and from the commercial strain (TC), against three strains of Fusarium spp., (FS1, FS2, F3) All the strains evaluated in vitro showed inhibition in the radial growth of the phytopathogen, significant differences were found between the antagonists, the strain that showed the highest growth compared to the others was TN4. Regarding the mycoparasitic action, only the TN4 and TC strains presented ¼ of the characteristic total invasion that refers to the grade 2 scale. To evaluate the protective capacity in the open field in the lettuce crop, the TN4 strain was selected, which was the one that presented the highest growth to be compared with the commercial strain (TC), for this phase a Completely Random Block Design was used. , with 8 treatments and 3 repetitions. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the native strain TN4, showed an efficacy comparable to that observed for the commercial strain, in the cultivation it is reflected in the yield in the plants where the treatments with Trichoderma spp. Were applied, giving it bases to the producer of the benefit of using this class of biological organisms in a crop.