Síntesis de una resina alquídica a partir de aceite de palma mediante poli condensación con mezclas de Anhídridos Ftálico/Maleíco.

Abstract

The synthesis of three alkyd resins was carried out by polycondensation with different ratios of phthalic / maleic anhydrides (2: 1, 1: 1 and 1: 2) from palm oil. Both the crude palm oil and the different resins synthesized were characterized by means of different instrumental and mechanical techniques. Crude palm oil was characterized by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC / D) and the resins by means of the instrumental techniques of FT-IR, DCS, TGA, NMR and mechanical properties were measured by means of the Rheology. With this work we found a decrease in the reaction time from 210 min to 80 min in the transesterification process, due to the addition of maleic anhydride. The functional groups characteristic of an alkyd resin was checked by instrumental techniques, confirming the presence of the alkyd group. The rheological analysis allowed to measure different mechanical properties finding a classification of the synthesis within the polymers with characteristics similar to those of high density polyethylene. Having possible uses in different industries such as protection of devices, thermal coatings, pellets, waterproofing of land (landfills, swimming pools), among others.