Fabricación y caracterización mecánica de mezclas heterogéneas poliméricas obtenidas mediante el modelado por deposición fundida (3D).

Abstract

The technology of the 3D printers has entered strongly in the creation of small pieces and is used in diverse areas of interest lately. It is therefore it is applied a tool in the biomedical engineering, the education, the electronics, forensic engineering, among others. The 3D impression is characterized for being a process wich consists of the manufacture of physical elements from a computational model, what it is perceived as a way of turning an idea into a product, but that in turn needs the fulfillment of a series of parameters and steps that determine its applicability. Therefore, the following mechanics of materials starting from a investigation has as an intention of the characterization of pieces obtained by means from heterogeneous mixtures of polymeric materials , which ask the construction of a 3D printer which allows the combination of thermoplastic materials with different characteristics. Throught its implementation, the advantages and disadvantages according to the . For that purpose it mechanical properties were prepared. For that , a serie of manometers were made by means of mixture of rigid polymers material: and flexible, which are submitted to test of traction and flexion to determine its mechanical properties. This investigation is based on the ASTM D638 procedure for the tests of traction to plastic and the ASTM 790 for the bending tests. At the beginning the design of manometers is done based on the mentioned procedure by using a software CAD, later this design turns in a G code throught a software CAM , to establish the manufacture parameters for every material. Once the manometers were tested in static conditions by flexion and traction efforts to determine the mechanic behavior As a result from this process, a formed piece is obtained by means of a heterogeneous mixture of polymeric, which presents major resistance than the flexible traditional materials and major deformation that the rigid traditional materials, the mixture is obtained from chieves throught the use of an extrusor implemented to fuse, considering the difference in temperature of merger of the materials, which allows to extend the field of application of the technology of 3D impression to sectors not explored up to the moment Science and Engineering of the Materials at the moment.