Percepción de la seguridad alimentaria en hogares del proyecto de asistencia alimentaria a flujos mixtos migratorios y retornados provenientes de Venezuela ubicados en el municipio Puerto Santander (Norte de Santander).

Abstract

Food and nutrition security are a permanent concern due to its relevance to human development. In fact, in the international framework, it is described in article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that “everyone has the right to an adequate standard of living that ensures, as well as their family, health and well-being, especially the food, clothing, housing, medical assistance, necessary social services” that is, food is established as a fundamental right. During 2019, mixed migratory flows from Venezuela intensified, generating an unprecedented exodus in Latin America and the Caribbean. For 2020, official projections indicate an exponential growth of the migratory phenomenon with a direct impact on Colombia. The General Objective of this proposal is to identify the perception of food security in households of the food assistance project for mixed migratory flows and returnees from Venezuela located in the municipality of Puerto Santander, Norte de Santander, with cut-off as of March 2021. A methodologically structured, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study will be carried out by random sampling with proportional allocation, with a sample size of 149 households, applying the exclusion criteria to single-person households and those under 18 years of age, the application of the survey will be by means of a telephone call to each household, in order to obtain general data in the initial part of the survey, then carry out the sociodemographic characterization with the application of the 16 questions that make up the first section. Similarly, the 19 questions in section 2 that refer to food and nutrition data will be applied, and finally the 15 questions of the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA) that make up section 3 will be applied. The expected identification of the perception of food security according to its cut-off points: mild insecurity, moderate insecurity and severe insecurity, performing a descriptive analysis according to the independent variables specified in the proposal. There was evidence of a correlation between the variables; mean monthly income, mother's occupation, meal times and shopping frequency, according to the total probability value of the sample of p = <0.05. It is inferred that it is relevant, according to the probability of correlation with food security, the empowerment of women as head of household, in turn that represents the highest frequency in the head of the household of all beneficiary households, it must be added that it is evidence of an occupation mostly in informal work.