Cambio Climático y su Relación con las Variables Hidrometeorológicas. Caso de Estudio Cuenca del Arroyo Alférez, Bolívar-Colombia.

Abstract

The stream Alférez, which is the largest water resource in the municipality of El Carmen de Bolívar in Bolívar, crossing it from West to East and feeding at the end of its route the Zambrano swamp and the Magdalena River. Nowadays, the levels of deterioration that the basins have been presenting over the years as a result of anthropic actions are notorious. Likewise, they are attributed to climate change, responsible for causing alterations in ecosystems, the increase in sea level, droughts, floods, increases in the average temperature on the earth's surface, etc. In this research, the relationship of climate change with Precipitation, Temperature and solar brightness was analyzed, for this, the physicomorphometric characterization of the stream Alférez basin was carried out, with the use of free satellite images and QGIS software (free and free), maps of vegetation cover change and land use in the study area were obtained. Likewise, the temporal behavior of the aforementioned hydrometeorological variables was analyzed by means of graphs and development of distribution maps of precipitation and temperature for periods of five years. The analysis of the hydrometeorological information was carried out using Excel and IBM Spss statistic. With the statistical analysis, the relationship between the hydrometeorological variables studied and the ONI was determined, in addition to corroborating the behavior through the anomalies presented in the different periods due to the climatic variability associated with the ENSO.