Prematuridad como factor de riesgo de la dislexia en población infantil: una revisión sistemática con meta análisis.

Abstract

The present research is developed from a systematic review where the level of association between prematurity and dyslexia is determined, where this relationship is quantified by means of a meta-analysis. Therefore, the question to be asked was Does the evidence support a possible causal effect in children with a history of prematurity on dyslexia? METHODS: A systematic review of association or etiology was carried out, which allows to identify and synthesize the available evidence on the factors of interest associated with prematurity as a risk factor for dyslexia. The variables for this type of review, represented in the acronym P.E.O. (Population / Health problem, Exposure of Interest (Independent Variable) and Result (Dependent Variable). RESULTS: note that the conclusions of the articles are different, observing an OR less than 1 in article 34 and article 36, and an OR greater than 1, in article 35, which leads us to think that the most appropriate model it seems to be the random effects model. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION: it is relevant to analyze the association between these two factors generated to the information given in the meta-analysis and the articles included. In this sense, studies appear where they have compiled the different causal theories of dyslexia, concluding that it has a higher rate at the biological level, understanding that dyslexia are a neurological problem with a genetic basis. CONCLUSIONS: there is heterogeneity of the studies and results with different conclusions in the studies, so that prematurity is not a conclusive risk factor for dyslexia.