Recepción y manejo de cría de la pollita reproductora ross ap 308 en la granja la Hormiga.

Abstract

Poultry farming is the art of raising, caring for and promoting the reproduction of birds in order to take advantage of their products. The scientific character of poultry farming reached Colombia until the end of the nineteenth century, where it began to replicate on a large scale, using machines capable of carrying out processes such as artificial incubation. In order to improve the production line, be it meat or eggs, the study of the breeds and their crosses was initiated; the breeding technique was improved with the passing of the years, and its nutritional requirements were scientifically studied in order to obtain a complete development of all the bird's systems. (Collins, 2016) The stage of breeding in poultry constitutes the most critical period in the development of the birds, due to the susceptibility that it presents in these days; the care and handling of the chick in this phase, will be reflected in the development of systems like the immunological, cardiovascular, digestive, skeletal muscle, that is given during the first 28 days, due to the fact that the birds during this time are poiquilotherms and for this reason, the breeders must be turned on 12 hours before the reception.

From zero to seven days, it is very important to develop the appetite through good breeding practices, ensuring that the space and quantity of feeders and drinkers is adequate, supplying necessary feed, and controlling temperature levels with brooders and curtain management. During these seven days at La Hormiga farm, circles of 824 birds with eight feeders and eight drinkers were established, for an approximate ratio of 100 chicks per feeder and drinker. After the reception at the Hormiga farm, on the first day some birds were taken randomly to know the average weight of the males and females, to identify the average arrival weight of the Ross AP 308 line lot, and thus calculate the weekly weight gains to be achieved according to the guidance table for the Ross AP 308 line as shown in Annex 1. The same day the vaccine of Avipro Salmonella (strain S. enteritidis) was applied in the drinking water. This vaccine must be swallowed quickly in order to ensure the immunization of the batch, since it is deactivated two hours after its preparation. A very simple activity that indicates the development of the appetite of the lot, is to perform an evaluation of buches. This maneuver was made in the farm the Hormiga taking to the random females and males, palpeint of delicate way its buches to identify if they had eaten, drunk or had the empty crop. This activity took place on the farm at 2, 8 and 24 hours. On the sixth day after the arrival of the chicks to the Hormiga farm, the vaccination of the whole lot was carried out with the first dose of viral arthritis, which was done subcutaneously with an application of 0.2 milliliters (ml) per bird. Executing the integral management plan for the breeding phase of the Ross AP 308 chick, on day eight the first classification of the flock according to weight was carried out, separated into groups of light, medium light, medium, semiheavy and heavy birds. This categorization by weight was done with the objective of

calculating feed rations for each category, seeking to achieve the uniformity of the weight at week 22 of the east, prior to mating. As indicated in the vaccination plan of the farm, on the 12th day of the breeding stage, the first dose of Newcastle + Bronchitis vaccine was applied to the chicks, via aero nasal using the ulvavac (special spraying tool, used for the application of vaccines via aero nasal). On the 13th, Newcastle oily vaccination was carried out at a dose of 0.1 ml subcutaneously per bird, seeking to immunize the batch according to the programmed vaccination plan. On the 18th day of receipt of the breeding flock, Tylovic® water (commercial antibiotic) was applied to the flock in order to eliminate mycoplasmic strains from the field. Continuing with the program assigned to the management of the breeding birds of the Hormiga farm, on the 21st, samples of pre-micoplasmic serums were taken via alar for analysis in the laboratory, seeking to detect possible field strains.