Diseño y análisis aerodinámico de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado de ala fija.

Abstract

The design, analysis and simulations are exposed as proof of an unmanned fixed-wing UAV aerial vehicle that can perform aerial aerial shots to monitor vegetation indices in the field of agriculture, mainly in the city of Pamplona, capital of the department of Norte de Santander, taking into account the climatic conditions of the place and adapting to general arbitrary conditions of other places. Several pre-established prototyping design, requirements and manufacturing factors are considered in today's market for this application. In the first stage, the configuration and aerodynamic selection of the aircraft is developed taking into account that the mission to be carried out is aerial photography. From this, a study of aerodynamic aspects, lift, flight efficiency, aerodynamic performance, propulsion system and structural design focused on aeromodels is carried out. It uses the webfoil application of the University of Michigan, the SolidWorks 2020 3D modeling program, the XFLR5 aerodynamic software based on xfoil with small modifications in the code and for CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis the SolidWorks Flow simulation and ANSYS complement, allowing the user to obtain fast and efficient results. Subsequently, the vehicle cad is designed, based on the calculated aerodynamic parameters. The process of tuning the aircraft is evidenced by cfd analysis by verifying the functionality at different flight stages. Finally, after testing the aircraft, the engineering improvements possible during the process are analyzed and alternatives are given to make changes.