Regularización y normalización urbanística de asentamientos humanos en la ciudad de Orito Putumayo.

Abstract

At the beginning of the two thousand decade, for thefirst time the predominant dominanc e of the highestconcentration of urban population compared to therural population of the world is noted. This trend largelyresponds to changes in the way of life, whether forcedor desired, to global changes in the economy that havebecome strong population migratio ns to the mainpopulated centres that have resulted in a populationgrowth, which is overfl owing the urban perimeters. Among the negative effects of this situation is theprecariousness and social inequality at the time ofaccess to basic services to urban infrastructure orhousing, these are segrega ted leading to the creation ofso-called poverty developments (UN, 2012 ), This hasdeepened a number of inequalities that manifest theday in various forms, in p henomena such as residentialsegregation, urban violence, educational differences, excl usions in the labour market, etc. In Latin America, informal human settlements arebecoming more common and proliferati ng, so much sothat the region has been considered the mosturbanized and the most un equal on the planet, due toaccelerated growth there was increased social demandsand services that governments have been unable tomeet. (United Nations Environment Programme, 2003) According to (DANE,2018) in Colombia there are 45.5 million people of whom 77.7% of t he population lives inurban areas and 22.3% live in the rural area and, according to a st udy carried out by the Ministry ofHousing, City and Territory, in conjunction with theInstit ute of Urban Studies (IEU) of the NationalUniversity of Colombia, more than 50% of the growth ofthe cities and municipalities of the country, is ofinformal origin. The above figures are due to internal displacement dueto different factors mainly due to forced displacementby armed groups outside the law, second by publicpolicies and corr uption that have not allowedinvestment on a scale significantly optimal for theadvancem

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ent of rural development, opportunities forwork, education, health, road infrastructure an dendotallerional services in the Colombian countrysideare increasingly reflected in the c onurbation of thecities, and towns of the Nation. On a smaller scale and landing on our object researchand work field, the city of Orito/ Putumayo, according tothe National Planning Department / Terridata, s.f.) is a6thgrade city that is home to a population of 57,774 organized into 66 neighborhoods of whi ch 18 of themare under informality. The previous and high rates of illegal land are first dueto the growth of the population in a city that is notprepared to meet the need for decent housing orservices to people arrivi ng from other parts of themunicipality or the country , and secondly to the slowprocesses and procedures that are carried out toaddress this issue. The above facts are directly re flectedin risk to the health and integrity of these peoplebecause some of these settlemen ts are not providedwith sewage, aqueduct, or electricity, but also becausemuch of these settlements are in risky areas by oil wellsand by flood level. Of the settlements established in the municipality ofOrito, support for the standardization of 7 of them isbeing supported as a fundamental basis, a processshown in this report, t o achieve this goal a number ofspecific objectives has been established with the stepbystep step of what is necessary to achieve this goal, from the identification of the points fo r this procedureaccording to national legislation, goes through thesocialization of the rep resentatives of thosesettlements, to the urban and loting approach of thesesettlements. Projectrelevant information is collected, field urbanplanning is updated and digitized in dispatch, largehomes are classified in floodlevel risk zone, andsettlement harvesting is carried out, collectedinformation that support s the process, starts with thisbut on the way it does not find plans up to date, fromthis, w e choose to update them and make proposalsfrom them type roads,

dotacional, land use, environmental, expansion zones and of buildability, proposals that are ultimately approved by the planningsecretary.