Evaluación del marcador molecular citocromo oxidasa I códigos de barras de ADN en mosquitos de importancia médica en zonas Costeras del Departamento de Córdoba.

Abstract

The Culicidae family are considered as potential vectors for the transmission of pathogens, including arboviruses related to the genera Alphavirus (family Togaviridae) and Flavivirus (family Flaviviridae), hemoparasites such as Plasmodium and parasites such as Dirofilaria immitis and Wuchereria bancrofti. The wide geographic distribution of mosquitoes and the anthropogenic disturbances that influence the vector-host dynamics, make them a problem of interest in public health, by facilitating the transmission of these pathogens. Therefore, one of the main task in studies of eco-epidemiology or detection of pathogens in vector-borne diseases is the identification of mosquito species present in active zones for pathogens of medical importance. However, the classical taxonomy of mosquitoes present difficulties associated with morphological similarity in evolutionarily related species, the incomplete identification due to damage to the specimen during its capture, beside the required time if does not have the experience necessary for the identification of mosquitoes. An alternative for rapid studies in epidemiological outbreaks, is DNA Barcode methodology, which, through a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene allows the identification of species that inhabit an ecosystem and to generate information on possible epidemiological risk regarding the transmission of arboviruses and / or protozoa present. In this sense, this study evaluated the proposed sequence as barcode – cytochrome oxidase I (COI), evolutionary aspects, genetic diversity and the usefulness of the methodology in the separation of mosquitoes potentially transmitting pathogens in 14 species of nine genera collected in different sites in the North of Cordoba (San Antero, San Bernardo and Puerto Escondido).