Influencia de la desigualdad de ingreso en el crecimiento económico de América Latina de 2000-2019.

Abstract

Income inequality is not desirable for any economy, but unfortunately a large proportion of the world's countries suffer from it; among these the Latin American countries, which historically have occupied the podium among the most unequal. Studies such as that by Alesina and Rodrick (1994), Piketty (2015) and Cingano (2014) find that income inequality has a negative effect on economic growth. The results of this study reaffirm those obtained by these studies, since on average an increase of 1 percentage point in inequality decreases economic growth by - 1.68 percentage points of the 13 Latin American countries that belong to the sample, To obtain the above results, the panel data method with fixed effects was carried out. Taking these results into account, it is necessary to carry out ex post and ex ante income redistributive strategies, the former through transfers and taxes and the latter influencing the formation of human capital.