Efecto de la fertilización orgánica y química sobre el rendimiento del cultivo de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) en el municipio Pamplona, Norte de Santander.

Abstract

In the province of Pamplona, the pea represents an alternative for the development of the local economy, the generation of jobs and income. To supply the nutritional demands of the plant, is frequent to use of chemical fertilizers, but this generates serious problems of contamination of soil, water and air, as well as damage to the health of people. In this sense, it is necessary to implement alternatives that are socially acceptable, environmentally friendly and economically viable. Therefore, the objective of this work was to compare two sources of organic fertilizers (vermicompost and a manure-based fertilizer) versus chemical fertilization on the yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.) in the municipality of Pamplona, Norte de Santander. An experimental design of completely randomized blocks was carried out with six treatments: T0: control without fertilization; T1: vermicompost (100% of the required dose); T2: vermicompost (50% of the required dose) + chemical fertilization Triple 15 (50% of the required dose); T3: a manure-based fertilizer (100% of the required dose); T4: ABOB (50% of the required dose) + Triple 15 (50% of the required dose); T5: Triple 15 alone (100% of the required dose); T6: Triple 15 (50% of the required dose) and three repetitions in which it was evaluated: height of the plant at 30 days, 60 days and 90 days after sowing; number of days to flowering (NDF); number of pods per plant (NVP); length of green pods (LVV) and yield in kg / ha. According to the results, in T2 the highest height of the plants was observed. No statistically significant differences were observed (p> 0.05) in NDF. The best response regarding NVP was observed in T5. The length of the pods was lower in the T0 but between treatments no differences were observed, reason why it was a variable little sensible to the chemical and organic fertilization. Although there were no statistical differences in performance between treatments, the best response was observed in T4 and T1. The height of the plant was a variable that correlated the number of pods per plant and with the yield. The application of organic fertilizers generated significantly better results compared to chemical fertilization and, from the economic point of view represents a viable alternative, as well as friendly to the environment.