Alternativas de desinfección el agua para el siglo XXI sin cloro.

Abstract

The objective of this monograph is to compile the information regarding the WATER DISINFECTION ALTERNATIVES FOR THE 21st CENTURY WITHOUT CHLORINE used in the water purification, analyzing the different disinfection techniques and possible alternatives to optimize the process. The issue arises because the increase in water pollution has led to develop new alternatives for disinfection and thus ensure and minimize potential health, environmental and health risks, applying optimum treatment to adjust water quality. In Colombia the rule governing the maximum permissible parameters in drinking water are the Technical Regulations Sector Water and Sanitation Basic RAS 2000 and Resolution 2115 of 2007. Given these problems and high costs in the process arises the need for different systems of disinfection which is studied in this paper. There are several traditional methods of disinfection and other relatively new application. Some of the factors influencing the selection of a method or technology for drinking water disinfection are cost, power consumption, and quality of water to be treated, among others. Disinfection can be done by chemical, physical, physico-chemical, electrophonic methods. In this paper the effectiveness that can reach different disinfection processes responsible for the elimination of harmful pathogens to humans that were not removed in the initial processes of purification as are discussed: Total Coliforms, E. coli, enterococci between others. To prevent the proliferation of these microorganisms is necessary and essential to have excellent disinfection.