Parentalidad en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes del grado tercero de la Institución Educativa Carlos Pérez Escalante.

Abstract

Parenting in academic performance is a process that must be present from the beginning of children's school life until the end of their last grade of schooling, since it encompasses a set of responsibilities, emotions and decisions that accompany both education and child care. Adequate parenting practice allows children to have optimal cognitive, emotional and social development, which is reflected, in turn, in good academic results. Hence, this research seeks to analyze how parenting influences academic performance, from the perspective of parents, the teacher and the students of elementary school of the Carlos Pérez Escalante School, Santa Isabel de Hungary campus, in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Colombia. The research was framed in a qualitative approach and used the participatory action research method. The group of key informants was made up of the head teacher, six parents and sixteen students of the third grade of basic primary. For data collection, observation and interview techniques were used, using the field diary, the checklist and the semi-structured interview as instruments. The results of the research showed that, in the interviews conducted with some parents, their bonding, motivation and participation in the training and performance of their children are observed, evidencing an active parenting that favors the learning process and contributes to successful academic performance. However, the lack of commitment, motivation, responsibility, presence and interaction of some parents whose children reside in the border area, specifically in Ureña, Venezuela, and who have ups and downs in their academic performance, was also identified. In addition, it was evidenced that, as children advance in grade, parents show less interest in their children's educational process, which negatively affects their performance. Thanks to this study, it was possible to analyze how parenting impacts academic performance, indicating that those parents who provide adequate accompaniment at home, are committed to the institution and interact assertively with the facilitating teacher, manage to get their children to demonstrate better academic performance and positive behavior with their peers and teachers.