Evaluación del potencial biocontrolador de cepas de Trichoderma spp. nativas en suelos agrícolas de Pamplona, Norte de Santander.

Abstract

The efficacy in the control of phytopathogens by diverse species of Trichoderma spp. has been notorious for a long period of time, distinction granted because of its ability to counteract the severity of the affections in plant tissues, essentially by means of the antagonistic capacity and strategies of parasitism described, which, together with the promotion of plant growth and induction of local or systemic resistance allow categorizing the genus as a powerful biocontroller against a wide spectrum of organisms, emphasizing particularly its applicability against phytopathogenic fungi. In virtue of these aptitudes, it was decided to evaluate the biocontrol potential of agricultural strains of the genus Trichoderma native to Pamplona (N. de S.), against phytopathogenic fungi of agronomic and commercial interest (Fusarium spp. and Botrytis spp. ); under the purpose of responding to the agricultural needs of the region, the phenotypic characterization of six isolates of agricultural origin was carried out, subjecting them to ecophysiological characterization tests, virulence factors and in-vitro antagonistic activity tests. The native strains of Trichoderma spp. showed antagonistic potential against the tested phytopathogenic fungi through strategies of mycoparasitism, competition for nutrients and enzymatic activity of the isolates as mechanisms of action, registering maximum PICR values of 64.5 % and 64.2 % for Fusarium spp. and Botrytis spp. respectively, results that allow preliminary inference of the potential of the isolates as a possible measure of sustainable and sustainable biocontrol.