Vigilancia de fetos de gestantes con diagnóstico de zika en el período del 2016 en el Hospital Universitario Erasmo Meoz.

Abstract

To describe the presence of malformations in the fetuses of pregnant women infected with Zika virus of the University Hospital Erasmo Meoz (HUEM). Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive design study was carried out, where 193 patients were selected who attended, with probable diagnosis of Zika during 2016 (from February the first to December thirty first), to the high risk service of HUEM by means of non-probabilistic sampling, the instrument was applied considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A sample of 11 patients was left of which 7 patients were excluded due to loss of tracking, finally 109 clinical records of the remaining patients that participated in the study were checked Results: After analyzing the sample of 109 pregnants diagnosed with Zika it showed that the most usual symptom was the rash, manifested in 99 patients. Six malformed fetus were observed which is equivalent to an incidence rate of 5,5% to the high risk service of the HUEM; 4 of the patients has the infection in the first trimester while the 2 patients remaining had in the second trimester. The ultrasound showed microcephaly, bilateral ventriculomegaly, alterations in the posterior fossa, agenesis of the corpus callosum and IUGR. Conclusions: Recent literature has demonstrated the growth in the incidence of malformations in fetus which mothers were infected by Zika virus during their pregnancy. This study refers to the nexus between the infection by Zika and the presence of malformations in the fetuses, which were more frequent during the first trimester, constituting an important risk factor for congenital malformations.