Caracterización de ceras de siete especies de Abejas nativas de Colombia, por aplicación de análisis multivariado al comportamiento térmico, cristalinidad y composición química.

Pinzón Parada, Fernando.

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Universidad de Pamplona

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Campo DC	Valor	Lengua/Idioma
dc.contributor.author	Pinzón Parada, Fernando.	-
dc.date.accessioned	2022-09-19T21:17:40Z	-
dc.date.available	2018-12-20	-
dc.date.available	2022-09-19T21:17:40Z	-
dc.date.issued	2019	-
dc.identifier.citation	Pinzón Parada, F. (2018). Caracterización de ceras de siete especies de Abejas nativas de Colombia, por aplicación de análisis multivariado al comportamiento térmico, cristalinidad y composición química [Trabajo de Grado Maestría, Universidad de Pamplona]. Repositorio Hulago Universidad de Pamplona. http://repositoriodspace.unipamplona.edu.co/jspui/handle/20.500.12744/2703	es_CO
dc.identifier.uri	http://repositoriodspace.unipamplona.edu.co/jspui/handle/20.500.12744/2703	-
dc.description	Se realizó la caracterización de ceras pertenecientes a siete especies de abejas nativas de Colombia, que permitió mediante análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) simultáneo con calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), calorimetría de combustión, espectroscopía infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), cromatografía de gases acoplado a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS) y difracción de rayos X (XRD); hallar las temperaturas de fusión y calores de fusión en un proceso cíclico de calentamiento, enfriamiento y recalentamiento; determinar la variación de masa en función de la temperatura, establecer la cinética y determinar los parámetros cinéticos de la degradación térmica, calcular el calor de combustión, obtener espectros infrarrojo de referencia, determinar los principales componentes y la fracción de estos, obtener el porcentaje de cristalinidad de muestras de cera de potes de alimento, celdas de cría e involucro para las especies: Melipona favosa favosa, Melipona fuscipes, Melipona compressipes, Trigona (Frieseomelitta) nigra paupera, Trigona (Tetragosnisca) angustula, Bombus (Fervidobombus) atratus y Nanotrigona sp., también, se analizó la cera de Apis mellifera (africanizada) y se tomó como muestra de referencia, ya que, de esta se encuentra información en la literatura. Las diferencias significativas en cada análisis se determinaron por aplicación de análisis de varianza ANOVA a un nivel de significancia de 0,05 y las similitudes se corroboraron con Análisis de Componentes Principales y Análisis Clúster. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en todos los análisis entre las muestras que pertenecen a diferentes tribus, aunque las más notorias entre las muestras de Bombus atratus con la de Apis mellifera (africanizada) y entre estas con las muestras pertenecientes a la tribu Meliponini. Con los análisis no se establece un patrón ordenado en las muestras que pertenecen a una misma especie o género si no que, estas se alternan en diferente orden dependiendo del análisis realizado. Los valores de temperatura de fusión, calor de fusión, calor de combustión y parámetros de Arrhenius son mayores en la muestra de Apis mellifera (africanizada) y menor en las muestras de Bombus atratus y las demás muestras tienen valores intermedios entre estas dos especies sin presentar diferencias marcadas entre ellas. La cinética del proceso de pirólisis es de primer orden y se rige por la ecuación de Arrhenius presentando un incremento en la energía de activación de 38,38 kJ/mol desde la cera de Bombus atratus hasta la de Apis mellifera (africanizada).	es_CO
dc.description.abstract	The characterization of waxes belonging to seven native species of Colombian bees was determined, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) simultaneous with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), combustion calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FT-IR), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to find melting temperatures and fusion heats in a cyclic heating process, cooling and overheating; to determine the variation of mass according to the temperature, to establish the kinetics and to determine the kinetic parameters of the thermal degradation, to calculate the combustion heat, to obtain reference infrared spectra, to determine the main components and their fraction, to obtain the percentage of crystallinity of waxes used by bees to build food storage pots, brood cells and the involucrum. The wax was collected from the species: Melipona favosa favosa, Melipona fuscipes, Melipona compressipes, Trigona (Frieseomelitta) nigra paupera, Trigona (Tetragosnisca) angustula, Bombus (Fervidobombus) atratus and Nanotrigona sp. In addition the wax of Apis mellifera (Africanized) was analyzed and it was taken as a reference sample, since more information is found in the literature. The significant differences in each analysis were determined by application of ANOVA variance analysis at a significance level of 0.05 and similarities were corroborated using major component analysis and cluster analysis. Significant differences were found in all analyses between the samples belonging to different tribes, highlighting the differences between the samples of Bombus atratus and that of Apis Africanized, the analyses do not establish an ordered pattern in the samples belonging to the same species or genus but these alternate in different order depending on the analysis performed. The values of melting temperature, melting heat, combustion heat and Arrhenius parameters are higher in the sample of Apis Africanized and lower in the samples of Bombus atratus and the other samples tend to have intermediate values between these two species without presenting remarkable differences among them. The kinetic of the pyrolysis process is of first order and is governed by the equation of Arrhenius presenting an increase in the activation energy of 38.38 kJ/mol from the wax of Bombus atratus to the one of Apis mellifera (Africanized).	es_CO
dc.format.extent	148	es_CO
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	es_CO
dc.language.iso	es	es_CO
dc.publisher	Universidad de Pamplona – Facultad de Ciencias Básicas.	es_CO
dc.subject	El autor no proporciona la información sobre este ítem.	es_CO
dc.title	Caracterización de ceras de siete especies de Abejas nativas de Colombia, por aplicación de análisis multivariado al comportamiento térmico, cristalinidad y composición química.	es_CO
dc.type	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc	es_CO
dc.date.accepted	2018-09-20	-
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dc.rights.accessrights	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2	es_CO
dc.type.coarversion	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1	es_CO
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