Determinación de la Vulnerabilidad Intrínseca para el acuífero del Valle de San Nicolás, a partir de información secundaria.

Abstract

Due to the growing urbanization of eastern Antioquia and mainly of the San Nicolás Valley (VSN), there have been major anthropic changes that have had an impact on the subsoil, reducing its resistance and attenuation capacity in the unsaturated zone to contaminant loads that may infiltrate the subsoil, either by local sources or by their transport during the recharge of the aquifer; In turn, this urban growth has increased the pressure on water resources and the disposal of both liquid and solid wastes in the watercourses or in the subsoil. This makes it necessary to analyze the vulnerability of this aquifer, seeking to zone the possible areas with greater susceptibility to groundwater contamination and at the same time, complement the hydrogeological model of the area, which serves for planning the management and preservation of groundwater by the Environmental Corporation, CORNARE. Thus, based on the density of information obtained from CORNARE's databases and bibliographic information, parametric and superposition methods have been taken into accounts, such as the GOD method, which uses the parameters of the depth of the static level, the lithology of the confining zone and the type of aquifer present, determining that the aquifer is predominantly classified in low vulnerability and a small extension in high vulnerability. On the other hand, for the DRASTIC method, the parameters of the static level, soil type, net recharge, hydraulic conductivity, and lithology of the saturated layers were used to determine that the aquifer is classified between low to high vulnerability. In conclusion, the zone with the greatest susceptibility to contamination is in the center of the Valley, where the greatest urban expansion is concentrated.