Deserción escolar en el Contexto Rural de Saravena - Arauca.

Abstract

This research addressed the issue of school dropout, understood as the abandonment of students from the educational system. This phenomenon is associated with multiple factors such as social, economic and cultural. With the objective of analyzing school dropout in the rural context, the qualitative approach was followed to contribute to the increase of knowledge, materializing the phenomenon from the exchange and perspectives of the members of the community, getting to know the experience of the population in relation to the research problem and interpreting what is common to them; and used the interview as a technique for collecting information. From this analysis of the information it was concluded that the factors associated with rural desertion in Saravena are the individual, which is influenced by the family and the low expectations in the future on the part of the student, the social and economic, related to the socioeconomic situation of the families and others such as school failure, school coexistence, the pandemic and teenage pregnancy. It was defined as late, consisting of the student dropping out of the educational system in any grade of basic secondary school, and preceded by recurrent nonattendance. Consequences associated with the subject's quality of life, social and other aspects such as informality, micro-trafficking of psychoactive substances and territorial nondevelopment were identified. And it was possible to describe the school dropout prevention strategies used in the rural area of Saravena, department of Arauca, Colombia, among them, the educational establishment and professional support focused on the student and the educational and social programs of the state, focused on permanence. The work is concluded by making some recommendations for improvement of the preventive actions currently employed and are organized in a theoretical proposal.