Análisis de los factores que predisponen la aparición de lesiones durante la práctica del patinaje de velocidad en cuatro clubes de Norte de Santander y Casanare.

Abstract

Speed skating is a very complete aerobic activity that requires a high physical and mental preparation for its execution; such activity demands constant oxygen levels and high anaerobic requirements, due to the need to detonate in short tests that combine strength, dexterity and endurance to maintain the fastest possible trajectory. In comparison with other sports, different researches agree that speed skating presents a high risk of injury, according to the U.S. government organization which analyzes data on injuries caused by different sports, places speed skating in fifth place in order of frequency, behind basketball, soccer, baseball and cycling. Although there are mechanisms to classify and describe the characteristics of the injuries, the affected area, the tissues involved and the time of interruption of sports practice; skating injuries are still a frequent reason for consultation, since it is difficult to pinpoint the exact risk factors in skaters due to the scarce research about the situations that predispose to the appearance of injuries especially during the periods of sports initiation. Therefore, it is important to identify the factors that predispose to the appearance of injuries and the most common injuries during the training of these athletes. The present study aims: to analyze the factors that predispose to the appearance of injuries and the most frequent injuries during the practice of speed skating in four sports clubs. By means of a quantitative research of descriptive type of non-experimental transversal cut through a series of variables that allow to provide an analysis on the above mentioned problem. Through the study it was possible to conclude that the predisposing factors to the appearance of injuries are age, inadequate training and lack of knowledge of the dosage of loads in strength training, leading to injuries such as tears, sprains and back pain.