Cetoacidosis diabética en canino. Reporte de caso.

Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis is an endocrine emergency pathology that occurs due to a progression of diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycemia and severe ketonemia, with electrolyte imbalances and metabolic acidosis mainly due to insulin deficiency. We present the case of a female canine, Neapolitan Mastiff breed 6 years old at the Central Veterinary Emergency Veterinary Clinic in the city of Bogotá with a history of hyporexia, apathy, vision loss and difficulty walking with a month of evolution. Within the anamnesis, it presented an ultrasound which shows splenomegaly. Within the physical examination findings, it show neurological deficit, ketonic halitosis and dehydration. Diagnostic tests are carried out, showing non-regenerative anemia and hypoalbuminemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, hyponatremia, and hyperglycemia, ketonuria. In-hospital management of stabilization and treatment of insulin R in descending curves based on glycemic response is performed. The patient evolves satisfactorily after 24 hours of hospitalization, showing normal glycemia and normal nervous status. The owners for economic reasons associated with chronic treatment decide to perform euthanasia.