Comparación morfoanatómica e histológica de flores femeninas, frutos y semillas de palma de aceite: Elaeis oleífera (Kunth) Cortés - Elaeis guineensis (Jacq.) y su híbrido interespecífico O×G.

Abstract

This document is the result of a work of scientific contribution to the research work towards oil palm, with a biological approach that leads to study fields such as the anatomy of certain structures such as female flowers, fruits and seeds defined as fundamental patterns in reproductive processes. It is in this way that a comparative morphoanatomical plan of oil palm genotypes demarcated as the species E. oleífera (Kunth) Cortés - E. guineensis Jacq. and a genetic product resulting from the crossing of the species known as an OxG hybrid, this was done with a relatively simple histological technique adjusted to the conditions of each tissue. In addition, quantitative patterns were taken into account to register a quantitative value that would allow us to observe vegetative development of each of the genotypes, from the stage of flowering and full development of the fruit following the BBCH scale defined for plant species and adapted to palm. of oil with the codes 6 for flowering, 7 developing fruit and 8 ripening fruit. The BBCH codes that were worked on were (607-701-800-807). In general, it was possible to identify trends in the length of the floral structures, with the flowers of E. oleífera (Kunth) Cortés being small in relation to the other two genotypes, with a little more than three millimeters below the flower buds of E. guineensis Jacq. which was the one that represented the greatest length. With regard to the anatomical study, important results were obtained for each structure, very explicitly indicated in the respective compilation of images shown here.