Estudio morfológico del caballo de monta para equinoterapia.

Abstract

Equine therapy has been considered an integral therapy, which performs physiotherapeutic and psychological functions. In Colombia equinotherapy is being established recently, and explicitly in the department of Norte de Santander there are no records of the morphological characteristics of the specimens used in this type of therapy. This work sought to establish basic parameters that will serve as tools for the better development and execution of equine therapy in Colombia. Therefore, it was necessary to know the characteristics of the equine equestrian horse, and to propose strategic guidelines for the achievement of equine therapy, effective and assertive in the rehabilitation of the human being. The research had as objective to study morphologically the riding horse for equinoterapia, from a study group of ten (10) individuals (females and males) of different races and ages; with a state of health and excellent physical conditions. The different anatomical and physiological measures of each specimen were taken, recorded and analyzed. A descriptive study of the collected information was made, which allowed to obtain a set of indicators such as: arithmetic mean, median, standard deviation, minimum and maximum. Subsequently, for the biomechanical study phase, a completely randomized single factor or unifactorial design was used, where all possible comparisons between the means of the three movements (lateral, vertical and horizontal) exerted by each horse to the rider. The results were statistically averaged and evaluated by analysis of variance and multiple comparisons tests of Scheffe, in such a way that it was possible to conclude that there was a close relation between the measures obtained in the specimens under study and the ideal measures of the horse for Equine therapy described in the literature consulted. Furthermore, that the rider's motive is directly proportional to the number of impulses transmitted by the horse; The greater impulses received will generate greater stimulation of the erection of the vertebral column, strengthening the dorsal and abdominal muscles of the rider. When comparing the three movements exerted by the horse to the rider, it was concluded that there were no significant differences in the lateral movements, while in the vertical and horizontal movements there were differences between them. Monitor exerted a greater vertical and horizontal movement on the rider. Acquiring ideal characteristics, which add importance for people with locomotion dysfunctions. It can be concluded that the ideal horse for equine therapy is one that meets the following characteristics: A weight around 360 kg, an elevation of 1.40 m, a dorsal length of 1.60 m, a thoracic perimeter of 1.64 m, which runs around 88.40 steps per minute and transmits 8840 impulses per minute to the rider.