Reingeniería de las rutas de recolección de los residuos sólidos en el municipio de Tame Arauca, para mejorar el servicio de aseo.

Abstract

The purpose of this project was to redesign the system of solid waste collection in the urban area of the municipality of Tame - Arauca, through the implementation of different methodologies in order to meet the objectives set, collecting current and accurate information of the service of cleaning that would gu arantee the viability and efficiency of the project to provide satisfactory results to the Tameña community. One of the most important aspects and main objective of this project is the restructuring of urban solid waste collection routes, since it is desired to design optimal routes that guarantee the total coverage of users and, in turn, make journeys in less time and shorter journeys, generating benefits to the company and the community in general. In order to carry out this objective, it was necessary to take into account the existence of the routes already established by the company providing the service in the municipality. Taking into account the technology, resources and current routes established by the service provider company in the municipality, a fieldwork was carried out in order to obtain accurate and reliable information that was used as support for the restructuring of the macro and Microruts of urban solid waste collection. It should be noted that to modify and update the existing collectio n routes, a detailed diagnosis was made, evidencing in this way the current status of the same, including determining factors such as urban growth, the condition of the compactors, the quantity and capacity of the personnel in charge, In addition to the restrictions, policies and requirements in force in the municipality. For the elaboration of this diagnosis, the operation times of each compactor vehicle were taken during a week, performing the respective analysis of each of them. Additionally, the main sources of contamination, large generators, the state of the roads and other heuristic elements present in the municipality were evidenced in the field. In order to design the collection routes of RSU, the total population in the urban area of the municipality was determined by means of field and office work, counting each one of the residential type houses and taking into account the average of inhabitants per dwelling provided by the company providing the collection service. Subsequently, the study of urban solid waste demand was performed, which was estimated in kilograms. Taking into account that the PPC values recorded in the municipal PGIRS were outdated, an overall monitoring was carried out weighing each compactor vehicle for a week, where the type of selection was taken into account in order to determine a new production per capita for waste. of organic and inorganic type and in turn to determine the amount of urban solid waste generated by sectors (neighborhoods). Finally, the macroruts were determined for the compactor vehicles taking into account the type of sector, the amount of population and the storage capacity of each of them. Once the municipality was divided, the calculations and corresponding plans were made for each collection microrut which were captured in the AUTOCAD software and later in ArcGis. Where 5 microruts were designed for each collection macroruta, until obtaining a totality of 3 macroruts and 15 microrutas distributed among the three compactor vehicles that are available to the company providing the collection service in the urban are municipality, taking into account the type of selection (organic and inorganic).