Efectividad de la electroestimulación neuromuscular transcutánea versus terapia tradicional fonoaudiológica para la rehabilitación de la disfagia orofaríngea en adultos.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The objective of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of electrical stimulation versus traditional therapy as a speech therapy treatment for dysphagia in adults. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was carried out according to the parameters of the PRISMA methodology, the evidence was analyzed using the GRADE pro tool and bibliometric analysis according to the Pearson correlation. RESULTS: Eight studies from indexed journals were included, according to the eligibility criteria. The quality of the evidence according to Grade pro was 100% high. The included studies made comparisons between NMES and traditional therapy in post stroke patients. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION: The literature studies the benefits of electrostimulation making comparisons with traditional therapy through thermal and gustatory stimulation or associating them. These studies show greater benefits in swallowing biomechanics for patients operated on with neuromuscular electrostimulation. Other studies do not report differences between the two therapeutic techniques, however, both produce beneficial effects on the biomechanics of swallowing. CONCLUSIONS: Neuromuscular electrostimulation has been proven to be an effective treatment and can also be used in combination with traditional therapy for the rehabilitation of oropharyngeal dysphagia in post-stroke adults.