Estudio de viabilidad para la implementación de la tecnología Smart Grid en las redes del sector residencial.

Abstract

It is the electricity network that, thanks to the integration of ICT technologies, integrates all the agents that make up the system, generation, transmission, distribution, end user, storage, microgrids or electric cars, micro-networks among others. Currently, if we talk about technology, world evolution, the topic is extensive, but if we talk about energy evolution, we face a major challenge, in terms of distribution networks, and accompanied by the increase in energy demand, the electricity grid is seen in the need to adapt to society and all that this entails in its development in legislation, benefits, etc. The fundamental principle is the bidirectional flow of information and electricity between the end user and the electrifier. The integration and management of all users in the network with a decentralized operation. The smart grid uses innovative products and services with advanced monitoring, control and communication technologies, its great contribution is the benefit in the impact of the environment and interaction with the end user. Formadores de líderes comprometidos con la región en la construcción de un nuevo país en paz.

13 The main objective of this technology is to increase the reliability and quality of the electrical energy supply. In the event of a failure and generating interruption of the energy flow, which brings a suspension of service temporarily or improperly depending on the failure, this smart grid technology can timely detect the failure and isolate the specific section where it is presented by sending the information to the operation center, which allows a more timely reaction and thus return the service more quickly in the activation of the electric power service in the event of corrective incidents, it can also help preventively to obtain data that report a distorted operation of the network. Provide users with active interaction in the system through smart meters that optimize, and provide the information and tools necessary to improve operation and make timely decisions regarding this, consumption, peak consumption, how much it costs, etc. In addition to giving you the option of generating a percentage of the energy you consume in the case of applying to a renewable energy center in your home. Aid to environmental sustainability, the smart grid allows to integrate distributed generation from renewable sources including energy accumulation, as well as the expansion of recharging infrastructure for electric mobility. Contributing an extraordinary to the reduction of CO2 emissions. It improves efficiency in the distribution of energy flows and provides flexibility in managing demand peaks, with the consequent decrease in the needs of new generation facilities. Also increase the Taking advantage of current electrical infrastructures. The aim of this thesis is to understand the new concept of smart grids, approaching different concepts involved, show the characteristics, benefits and potential advantages that Smart Grid technology has for electricity companies and society in general, define a methodology to migrate the grid current in a smart grid. This methodology is not currently recorded in the technical literature and is the main contribution that is offered. The main characteristics of Smart Grid will be studied, detailing their benefits and limitations for implementation, analyzing the main elements that comprise them, as well as the different technologies involved, investigating the regulations, trying to provide a clear and concrete vision of the current situation. And the state in which the distribution networks are. Formadores de líderes comprometidos con la región en la construcción de un nuevo país en paz.

14 Proposed development. 1. Energy sector, advances in regulation and standards. 2. Conventional network, description of the network, distribution networks. 3. Smart Grid, concepts, background, advantages, feasibility. 4. Communication technologies, hubs, smart meters. 5. Smart Grid network architecture. 6. Cost-benefit installation of electrical meters. To understand the operation of this new concept of the electrical network and what it is about, an analysis of the operation of the traditional electrical network will be carried out as a first step and it will be seen how the new needs of society and how to face the problems derived from the system Traditional electrical networks have led to the need to look for new solutions in the electrical framework, developing new smart grids.