Dinámica de los índices de vegetación NDVI, GNDVI Y GVI en un cultivo de arroz a partir de imágenes aéreas multiespectrales tomadas por drones.

Abstract

In this study, the of the dynamic of the vegetation indexes, the normalized differential vegetative index (NDVI), the variant of the NDVI that uses the green band (GNDVI) and the green vegetation index (GVI) in a rice crop of the variety Fedearroz 2000 during its phonological development are analyzed. These indexes were calculated through the geoprocessing of multispectral aerial images taken from drones or UAVs, aiming at identifying which zones of the crop were under stress or underdeveloped, healthy and dense, and demonstrating the utility of the Canon S100 camera. The rice crop had an area of approximately 4.1 hectares and its location corresponds to the farm El Faro in the footpath Campo Hermoso in the district of San Jose de Cucuta – Norte de Santander. For this project, 12 flight were undertaken; these ones were executed during the growth and development phases of the rice crop, the first flight was carried out at the beginning of the vegetative phase (July 17th 2016) and the last one was during the maturation phase (November 07th 2016). As a result, a space-time qualitative analysis of the NDVI mosaic is shown, in which it was identified that the crop was attacked by Pycularia grisasea; the characterization of the NDVI’s behavior through a multitemporal analysis; the correlation between the NDVI and the GNDVI led to values above 0.90, which indicates that there is a strong and positive relation, the correlation between the NDVI and the GVI showed a negative and perfect indirect correlation , and finally, a protocol about the analysis of agricultural crops with the use of drones as a contribution of new technologies in precision farming to the academic community, enterprises or farming entities and rice producers was established.