Asociación entre la maloclusión y los malos hábitos orales en niño de 3 a 12 años.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The objective is to evaluate the association between exclusive feeding with a bottle and the presentation of malocclusions in children between 3 and 12 years of age, in order to establish priorities in the development of health policies, therefore, the research group, It is proposed to answer the question: Are children who have been fed exclusively with a bottle at risk of presenting malocclusions between 3 and 12 years of age? METHODS: The following systematic review of etiology has as inclusion criteria according to the acronym P.E.O. for P, epidemiological studies of patients diagnosed with malocclusion from 3 to 12 years of age; E: studies that include bottle sucking as a risk factor for malocclusion and; Or: Case-control studies with Odds Ratio measures; A meta-analysis is performed for the critical evaluation of the data. RESULTS: 4 investigations with 1,609 healthy and sick children from 3 to 12 years are included. In the summary outputs, homogeneity of the studies is obtained, it is also evidenced that the Odds Ratio of the fixed and random effects models is significantly higher than 1. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION: Malocclusion is a morphological variation, the theory and the included studies support that prolonged use of the bottle can affect phonation and swallowing. These statements agree with the value of the summary measure produced by the meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a bottle is a risk factor for the development of malocclusions.