Evaluación agronómica de tres variedades de avena forrajera (avena sativa) Cayuse, Dorada y Cajicá, para la producción de biomasa en el municipio de Pamplona, Norte de Santander.

Abstract

This project was carried out in order to understand the development and production of biomass of three different species of forage oats in the Municipality of Pamplona in the Department of Norte de Santander, as well as providing a historical compilation of the development of this activity in the municipality and department, where it focuses on the advantages of this species for the production of green forage for silage for animal feed. Taking into account that the culture of this crop (forage oats) is increasing due to the nutritional contributions, where energy and fiber stand out. Each of these characteristics makes the cultivation of forage oats of great influence in livestock systems destined for dairy in temperate and cold climates where this species adapts. The objective of this research project is to evaluate the agronomic behavior of three varieties of forage oats (Avena sativa) for biomass production. This project was developed at the CISVEB Research Center for Plant Health and Bio-inputs owned by the University of Pamplona, where twelve plots were established, each measuring 12 m2 in a randomized complete block design, with four repetitions of each of the varieties. to evaluate, For the evaluation of the agronomic variables of phenology, plant height, number of stems per plant, number of leaves per plant, stem weight, leaf weight and foliar area, descriptive statistics tests were applied, analysis of variance and analysis of separation of means by means of the LSDFisher test (P <0.05), which will allow to obtain the conclusions of the investigation. As important results in the production of forages for animal nutrition, biomass productions per hectare were obtained for the varieties Dorada, Cayuse and Cajicá of 68.39 - 70.75 and 71.56 tons per hectare of biomass for each one respectively. . Leaf area of 51.31 - 47.93 - 51.72 cm² and height of 94.86 - 94.78 and 91.63 cm for the Cayuse, Dorada and Cajicá varieties. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that although there are variations in height, thickness and width of the leaves among the three varieties studied, the Cajicá variety was the one that obtained the highest productivity, exceeding 80 tons / ha of biomass with reference to Cayuse oats under the conditions from the municipality of Pamplona.