Hemangiosarcoma subcutáneo en la región de glándula mamaria M5 izquierda con dehiscencia posquirúrgica en canino.

Abstract

Hemangiosarcomas (HSA) are malignant neoplasms of endothelial origin, highly aggressive, fast-growing, and with a high metastatic potential; therefore, definitive diagnosis must be established through histopathological analysis. This report describes the case of a geriatric mixed-breed female-canine with an 8 × 6 cm mass in the fifth mammary (M5) gland and a history of cutaneous HSA. The therapeutic approach consisted of a simple mastectomy, complemented by a integrative management strategy focused on pain control, promoting wound healing, and modulating the inflammatory response. The excised tumor measured 7 × 4 cm, and its histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of subcutaneous HSA with necrosis and active hemorrhage, indicating progression from stage I to stage II HSA. Paraclinical tests revealed microcytic hypochromic anemia, lymphopenia secondary to neutropenia, and hypoproteinemia due to hyperglobulinemia, alterations attributed to the hemorrhage, necrosis, and inflammation induced by the tumor. During the surgical procedure, magnesium sulfate was administered to maintain hemodynamic stability, and subsequently, complementary treatment was initiated including opioids, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, cannabinoids, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), zinc oxide, sangre de drago, sodium bicarbonate, and activated charcoal, adjusted according to clinical evolution. Although the patient developed wound dehiscence and an episode of acute renal failure associated with cutaneous glomerular vasculopathy, the recovery was favorable, demonstrating rapid tissue regeneration and pain reduction. Since no chemotherapeutic agents were administered, it was not possible to assess their influence on tumor progression or metastasis. This case highlights the potential of multimodal therapies in veterinary medicine and emphasizes the importance of evaluating and implementing different therapeutic options according to each patient’s individual needs.