Extrusora automatizada con control de temperatura para la reutilización de material de impresión 3d (PLA), resultante por malas impresiones, desechos o residuos de piezas.

Abstract

Currently, 3D printing has become one of the main activities in some companies, independent people, students, entities, etc. since it has a wide range of applications in its different areas. This leads to the production of many prints of parts, specific models and others, where due to calibration problems, bad designs, waste (base bed), waste of unusable or defective parts, they generate a large amount of waste of raw material that can be reusable. Therefore, this document details and focuses on the implementation and automation of an extruder with temperature control for the reuse of 3D printing material (PLA), in order to mitigate economic expenses and damage to the environment. For the implementation and automation of the extruder machine begins with the description, analysis and study of the different types of extruders and extrusion that exist. In addition, the components and parts of these machines are investigated, as well as the physical and thermal properties of the PLA raw material for processing. After having analyzed and studied the different types, characteristics, components, parts of the extruder and the physical and thermal properties, we seek to select the design that allows us to implement, automate and operate the extruder, taking into account the selection of materials. of good quality, functionality and low cost at the time of making purchases. The type of extruder selected to be modeled for its implementation and automation is the horizontal extruder, which consists of clamp-type electrical resistances (electric heaters) and electric motors for its operation (servomotor). The design of the parts of the extruder structure is carried out to obtain the plans, in order to find the most suitable material and make the purchases of the necessary electronic components. Finally, the implementation of the prototype with the electrical and electronic assembly is started for the tests. The tests are carried out with the PLA material obtained and several aspects are taken into account, including: Temperature, screw speed and the material to be extruded.