Modelo hidrodinámico 1D/2D para el análisis de inundaciones urbanas en una subcuenca de la zona nororiental de la Ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander.

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to develop a 1D/2D hydrodynamic model to analyze the behavior of the dual drainage system in a sub-basin located in the northeastern area of the city of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. This model seeks to characterize the dynamics of runoff and water accumulation in the study area, in order to identify the areas most susceptible to flooding and the associated hazards for the local community. To do so, key data were collected such as a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), information on land uses, and data from the existing sewer network, including wells, conduits, and outlets. In addition, a detailed analysis of precipitation events was carried out by constructing hyetographs based on Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, using historical data from the nearest meteorological station. Subsequently, InfoWorks ICM software was used to integrate these data and configure a hydrodynamic model that represents both surface and subsurface flow. The study area was configured with a variable resolution mesh to balance computational accuracy and efficiency, while parameters such as boundary conditions and roughness coefficients were adjusted according to the specific characteristics of the land use. Finally, extreme rainfall events with return times of 10, 25, 50, and 100 years were simulated, evaluating the flow behavior and capacity of existing drainage infrastructures. The results showed average surface flow velocities of 0.45 m/s to 0.8 m/s and maximum accumulation heights of up to 1.5 m in critical areas such as Guaimaral Avenue and the Zulima neighborhood.