Revisión a los sistemas de drenaje urbano sostenible.

Abstract

This paper examines current urban drainage (UD) challenges, focusing on Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). Here the fundamentals of urban drainage are introduced, explaining its importance in rainwater and wastewater management based on urban contexts. The importance of complete planning that considers aspects such as the design, construction and care of these systems is also highlighted. In addition, the problem of urban drainage is addressed, including the obsolescence of conventional systems, the impact of population and urban growth, the repercussions of climate change, solid waste management as well as the increase in urban flooding. Furthermore, the document emphasizes the SUDS, explaining its fundamental principles such as the control of water quantity and quality, and the improvement of the urban environment. Likewise, various SUDS typologies are identified, including permeable pavements, green roofs and gutters, rain gardens, retention ponds and bioretention systems and examples of SUDS application, highlighting the use of hydrological-hydraulic models such as SWMM and GSSHA to simulate and evaluate the effectiveness of these systems in urban environments. Finally, final considerations and recommendations are offered, regarding the importance of implementing innovative solutions in urban drainage, the need for a holistic perspective of urban water management, and the value of community participation. Finally, final considerations and recommendations are offered, regarding the importance of implementing innovative solutions in urban drainage, the lack of a holistic perspective of urban water management, and the value of community participation.