Zonificación de la concentración de contaminantes atmosféricos en Bucaramanga, Santander. Área jurisdicción de la Corporación Autónoma Regional para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB).

Abstract

The consequences of the industrial development that humanity experiences daily bring with them a series of events that involve in one way or another the environment, and with it, air quality, among other aspects. For this reason, it is more and more frequent the interest to know and identify the current state of the air, in order to evaluate the causes and to establish measures that minimize and contribute to solve the problem. Based on this, this study seeks to interpolate the dispersion of atmospheric pollutants in the city of Bucaramanga, Santander-Colombia. For this purpose, the behavior of the meteorological variables precipitation, temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and solar radiation were studied. Next, the air quality monitoring stations present in the study area were identified through the Air Quality Surveillance System (SVCA) operated by the Corporación Autónoma Regional para la defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB); entity in charge of providing the historical information of the database of atmospheric pollutants. The ArcGIS software was used to process information on pollutants using two different spatial interpolation methods, one deterministic, exact and local, the IDW which is based on the inverse of the elevated distance to a mathematical power, and the other a geostatistical and analytical method, the ordinary kriging, which takes into account the spatial correlation of the variable to be interpolated, by means of these methods the dispersion analysis of atmospheric pollutants and a more detailed estimation of the spatial distribution of these pollutants in those areas lacking data was carried out. In addition, an identification of the critical pollution points in the city of Bucaramanga, Santander was achieved. The projection of the dispersion of atmospheric pollutants together with their respective management measures is carried out, starting from the regulations that carry out the verification of compliance with the maximum permissible levels set forth in the air quality standard Resolution No. 2254 of 01 November 2017 of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (MADS).